Null Hypothesis (H0)
Statistically Significant Result
P-value
Null Retention
Standard Criterion for Significance (Alpha)
Inferential Statistics
Alternative Hypothesis (H1)
Making inferences, predicting, testing relationships, or comparing a sample with a population to generalise findings
A set probability, typically 0.05, representing the chance of rejecting a true null hypothesis
Occurs when the p-value is equal to or lower than the set alpha criterion (e.g., 0.05), leading to null hypothesis rejection
The probability of observing a sample result, or one more extreme, if the null hypothesis were true
The idea that there is no relationship or difference between variables or groups
The decision to keep the null hypothesis when the observed p-value is greater than the standard alpha (e.g., 0.05)
The idea that a relationship or difference exists, often called the researcher's hypothesis
