The value of the function when X is zero (crosses y-axis)

The uncertainty remaining after fitting the model to the data

Unstandardized measure of shared variance limited by units

Magnitude of change in f(x) resulting from a change in x

Standardized measure of association bounded between -1 and 1

The fundamental form of most statistical models

Should be judged by magnitude (effect size), not p-values

The regression model collapses to the Mean of Y (flat line)

Optimization algorithm that minimizes squared errors to estimate parameters

Necessary to detect non-linear relationships (e.g., U-shaped) missed by r