Views motivation as a dynamic interplay of personal, behavioural, and environmental influences (reciprocal determinism).

Proposes individuals move through five stages of change: precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance.

Suggests the most proximal determinant of behaviour is intention, influenced by attitude, norms, and control.

Proposes that how individuals evaluate competence and define success (task vs. ego) influences their behaviour.

Bridges the intention-behaviour gap by distinguishing between a motivational phase and a volitional (planning) phase.

Predicts long-term adherence based on goal setting, self-motivation, self-efficacy, and the environment.

Global theory asserting motivation is driven by the satisfaction of autonomy, competence, and relatedness.